Burner-cap.



No. 704,853. Patented July l5, I902.

W. H. & R. W. MILLER.

BURNER CAP.

7 'Application filed May 7, 1901 1 (No Model.)

B rirsrw iTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM H. MILLER AND ROBERT WV. MILLER, OF HENRY CLAY, DELAlVARE.

B U R N E R CA P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,653, dated July 15,1902. Application filed May 7, 1901. Serial No. 59,170. No model.)

To all whont it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM H. MILLER and ROBERT WV. MILLER,citizens ofthe United States, residing at Henry Clay, in the county of Newcastleand State of Delaware, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Burner-Caps; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact descrip tion of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to gas or vapor burners; and it consists,substantially, in the improvements hereinafter more particularlydescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

The invention has reference more particularly to burners of the ordinaryBunsen type, although it is equally applicable to burners of other formsin which an incandescent mantle is employed. In the class or type ofburner referred to it is advantageous to a more successful use oroperation of the burner that the gas or vapor shall enter the mantlefrom the burner with considerable force or pressure, to assist in makinga better combustion, and to accomplish which various forms of deviceshave hitherto been employed, but which in large part have proveninadequate for many reasons, principally on accountof the unstablecharacter or nature of the mixture, as Well as the feeble escape at thepoint of exit.

The object of the present invention is to overcome former disadvantagesand objec tions in this class of devices and to provide means wherebythe gas or vapor is delivered to the mantle from the burner in anuninterrupted flow and with much greater force or pressure thanhitherto.

A further object is to provide means for obtaining more completecombustion, and consequently a purer and better light, and also torender the burner of increased efficiency generally.

The above and additional objects We attain by the means illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectionalview of a gas or vapor burner embodying our improvements, theincandescent mantle being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a top plan viewof our improved burner-cap, and Fig. 3 is a bottom structlon.

construction thereof.

plan view thereof. Fig. t is a side view of the ring constituting a partof'our improved burner-cap, said ring being of peculiar con- Fig. 5 is ahorizontal sectional view of said ring to more clearlyindicate the Fig.6 is a view in detail of the pendent conical deflector located centrallyof the ring or cap. Fig. 7 is a View representing a modification of themeans for securing the cap to a burner.

Before proceeding with a more detailed description it may be stated thatour improvements comprise a suitable burner cap or tip, provided withmeans for imparting to the gas or vapor a whirling or circulatory motionat the point of escape or exit thereof, thereby greatly augmenting orincreasing the force or pressure under which the fluid enters the incandescent mantle. The construction is such that the vapor or fluidiscaused to move in a solid ring-like mass, the action being continuousand the mass being caused to ascend, due to the pressure of the constantsupply of gas or vapor passing to the cap from beneath.

Our improved burner cap or tip comprises, essentially, a tube or nipplefor attachment to the burner, a stationary ring of peculiar constructionlocated Within the tube, and a deflector arranged centrally of said tubeand ring, all as will hereinafter be more particularly described.

Specific reference now being had to the accompanying drawings, Arepresents an ordinary gas or vapor burner, preferably of the Bunsen orsimilar type, and 13 represents an ordinary Welsbach incandescent mantlemounted upon or above said burner in any of the usual or well-knownways. Fitted to the upper end of said burner is myimproved cap or tip,comprising a short tube or nipple 0, preferably extending downwardlyover the burner a sufiicient distance to prevent escape of the gas orvapor, the said tube or nipple being preferably formed or providedinteriorly with a flange or shoulder a, as shown. Fitting in the upperpart of said tube or nipple Ois a ring or device D, having an innerflange or shoulder d, and said ring or device is formed or provided allaround with a series of pendent ribs or fingers e, which are divided orseparated from each other by intermediate oblique spaces f. Said ribs orfingers e are slightly divergent or inclined outwardly toward thebottom, thus giving to the said device D somewhat the general shape of afrustum of a cone, and the lower ends of .the fingers 6 may rest uponthe flange or shoulder c on the interior of the tube or nipple C. Due tothe elasticity of the ribs or fingers e, the lower end of said ring ordevice D fits the said tube or nipple 0 very snugly and adjustably; butthe device is removable therefrom when desired, and in virtue of thetaper or gradual lessening of diameter of the ring upwardly a space 9 ofupwardly-increasing width is formed between the outer surface of theribs or fingers and the inner surface of the tube or nipple, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2. Said space 9 results from the general conical shape ofthe ring or device D and is essential to enable the escaping gas orvapor to assume its intended peculiar motion previous to entering thelower end of the mantle. Also due to the conical form of said ring ordevice the force of impingement of the gas or vapor against the innersurface of the nipple O gradually increases toward the upper end of thecap or tip, since the volume of gas constantly passing upwardly into thering is necessarily compressed somewhat on account of thegradually-decreasing space within said ring, and consequently the pressure of the escaping gas is greater toward the upper extremities of thespaces f, all of which is desirable in the operation of our improveddevice. By simply adjusting the said ring to different heights in thenipple the effects may be varied, as is obvious. In order to impart tothe gas orvapor the desired whirling action or circulatory motion, thesides of the ribs or fingers are preferably beveled or tapered inward,as shown, and said ribs or fingers are tangentially disposed or arrangedat a suitable angle relative to the axis of the ring and the wall of thetube or nipple. Said ribs or fingers are separated at their lower ends,as shown, and they are also slightly tapered downwardly, so as to giveincreased width to the spaces f at the bottom of the ring or device D,this beingpreferable in use, though not absolutely essential. The ribsor fingers, moreover, are spirally disposed or inclined to one sidecircumferentially of the said ring or device, which constructionmaterially aids in the escape of the gas or vapor through the spacesbetween the said ribs or fingers, as well as in the desired circulatorymotion to be imparted to the vapor.

Within the ring or device D is formed or provided a pendent deflector E,which is preferably tapering or conical in form and which closes saidring or device at the upper end thereof, so as to insure the passage ofthe gas or vapor through the said spaces f. Said deflector could besolid throughout; but preferably it is formed with a conical depressionor recess h at the upper part thereof, and in the use of our improvedburner-cap said resaid deflector E can be constructed to fit the ring ordevice D in any suitable way; but as herein shown the same is held inplace by the clamping action of the ribs or fi ngers, and the upper edgethereof abuts or lies closely against the under side of the flange orshoulder d on the interior of the said device D. By means of thisconstruction the upward pressure exerted by the ascending gas or vaporassists in holding the deflector in place, and the flange d prevents thesame from up ward displacement by said pressure. The details of ourinvention can of course be altered or changed to suit particularrequirements of use. Hence it will be understood that we do not limitourselves in any manner whatever to the particular construction andarrangement of parts herein shown or described. In other words, ourinvention comprehends, broadly and without limitation, an attachment forgas or vapor burners comprising stationary means for imparting to thegas or vapor a whirling or rapid circulatory motion as it escapes intothe superposed incandescent mantle. It will be understood that in mostinstances we dispense altogether with a pendant or deflector within thering or device D, the said ring being then closed at the top .in anysuitable way, as by a plate or disk.

As shown in Fig. 7, the tube or nipple O is only of sufficient lengthbelow the inner flange 0 thereof to overlap the upper edge of the burnerA, while said tube is formed or provided at suitable points of itsdiameter with suitable fingers or members m, of sufficient elasticity toclasp the sides of the burner, and thus hold the, entire burner-cap inposition by friction. Other suitable changes can also be adopted both inregard to the ring or device D and the deflector E and still be withinthe scope of our invention.

When thus constructed and mounted in position upon the burner, theaction of our improved burner-cap or attachment is substantially asfollows: The gas or vapor from the burner enters the said cap in anobvious manner, and in virtue of the construction and arrangement of theribs or fingers of the ring or device D the volume of gas or vapornearest the walls of the cap is caused to divide and pass upwardly andoutwardly through the spaces fin the form of thin tangential sheets orstreams, while the volume of gas or vapor rising centrally of the cap orring is both divided and deflected in such manner as to spread laterallyin all directions and also passes outwardly and upwardly through thesaid spaces f. This action is conducive of a more thorough admixture orcommingling of the gas or vapor, and, due to the somewhat spiral orcircumferential inclination of the ribs or fingers e, it is evident thatthe said gas or vapor has imparted thereto a whirling circulatory motion,which is rendered exceedingly rapid, due to the upward pressureproduced by the constantly-rising column from beneath. The effect is tocause the gas or vapor to enter mantle under a force of pressureconsiderably greater than hitherto. The streams of gas or vapor, passingoutwardly through the spaces f, impinge against the surrounding walls oftube or nipple C at angles other than right angles, and thus are saidstreams also deflected and further assisted to follow the generaldirection given thereto by the tangential arrangement and generalconstruction of the said ribs or fingers. In this way the whirlingaction of the gas or vapor is greatly increased and the solidity of'thevolume or mass is maintained with an uninterrupted flow, more equalcombustion, and a more perfect incandescence, and consequently asteadier and better light.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,and an inner conical ring having elongated lateral openings or spacesfor the escape of gas or vapor against the inner surface of said nipple,the wider portion of the ring fitting the nipple snugly and the walls ofsaid openings being beveled, substantially as described.

2. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,and an inner conical ring closed at the top and having elongated lateralopenings or spaces for the escape of gas or vapor against the innersurface of said nipple, the wider portion of the ring fitting the nipplesnugly and the walls of said openings being beveled, substantially asdescribed.

3. An attachment for gas or vaporburners, comprisinga straightopen-ended tube or nipple, an inner conical ring havingverticallyelongated openings for the escape of gas or vapor against theinner surface of said nipple, and a deflector closing the upper end ofthe ring, the wider portion of the ring fitting the nipple snugly andthe walls of said openings being beveled, substantially as described.

4. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,and an inner conical ring closed at the top and provided with adepression or recess in the closure therefor, said ring also havingelongated lateral openings the sides or walls of which are beveled, andthe wider portion of the ring fitting the nipple snugly, substantiallyas described.

5. An attachment for gas or vapor burners,

comprisinga straight open-ended tube or nipple, and an inner conicalring, with the wider portion thereof snugly fitting said tube and formedwith pendent ribs and intervening spaces, the vertical adjacent sides ofsaid ribs being beveled inwardly, substantially as described.

6. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprisinga straightopen-ended tube or nipple, and an inner conical ring closed at the topand formed with pendent inclined ribs and intervening spaces, thevertical adjacent sides of said ribs being beveled inwardly and theclosure for the ring being provided with a conical recess or depressionin its upper surface, substantially as described.

7. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,an inner conical ring with its under portion slidably fitting said tube,said ring having openings or spaces at the sides for the escape of gasor vapor against the inner surface of the tube, and a deflector closingthe upper end of the ring and pendent within the latter, said deflectorhaving in its upper part a recess or cavity.

8. An attachment for gas or Vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,an inner ring having openings or spaces at the sides for the escape ofgas or vapor against the inner surface of said tube, and a conical ortapering deflector closing the ring and pendent therein.

9. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,an inner ring having openings or spaces at the sides for the escape ofgas or vapor against the inner surface of said tube, and a conical ortapering deflector closing the ring and pendent there in, said deflectorhaving a conical recess or cavity.

10. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,a removable inner ring fitting therein and having oblique openings orspaces at the sides for the escape of gas or vapor against the innersurface of said nipple,and a deflector fitting within said ring.

11. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,an inner ring having openings or spaces at the sides thereof for theescape of gas against the inner surface of said nipple, and providedinteriorly with a flange, and a deflector within the ring against saidflange.

12. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,an inner ring having oblique openings or spaces at the sides thereof,and provided interiorly with a flange, and a conical deflector fittingwithin the ring against the flange, said deflector closing the upper endof said ring.

13. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,a conical ring fitted therein having side openings or spaces for theescape of gas or vapor against the inner surface of said nipple, andmeans for closing the upper end of the rin 14. An attachment for gas orvapor burners comprising a tube or nipple, an inner conical ring havingoblique side openings or spaces for escape of the gas or Vapor againstthe inner surface of said tube, and means for closing the upper end ofsaid ring, substantially as described. I

15. An attachment for gas or vapor burners comprising a tube or nipple,an inner conical ring having elongated inclined and 0blique openingstherein for escape of the gas or vapor against the inner surface of saidtube, and means for closing the upper end of said ring, substantially asdescribed.

16. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprisingatube or nipple, aconical ring therein having oblique openings or spaces in its sides forthe escape of gas against the inner surface of said nipple, and adeflector Within the ring.

17. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprisinga tube or nipple,and a conical ring therein having a series of pendent fingers or ribsforming side openings or spaces, the sides of the said fingers or ribsbeing tangential to the ring and the ribs themselves being spirallydisposed or circumferentially inclined with respect thereto.

18. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprisinga tube or nipple,a conical ring therein having ribs or fingers forming openings orspaces, the sides of which are tangential to the ring, said ribs beingspirally arranged or inclined circumferentially, and a deflector closingthe upper end of the ring.

19. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,a conical ring therein having fingers forming side openings.

or spaces of gradually-increasing width toward the bottom, the sides ofsaid openings or spaces being tangential to the ring and said fingersbeing spirally disposed or inclined circumferentially, and means forclosing the upper end of the ring, said means having a conical cavity orrecess therein.

20. An attachment for gas or vapor burners, comprising a tube or nipple,a conical ring closely fitting therein and constructed circumferentiallywith pendent ribs or fingers having intervening spaces, and taperingtoward their lower ends and beveled or tapered inwardly at the sides,and a deflector closing the upper end of the ring.

In testimony whereof we aifix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

WILLIAM H. MILLER. ROBERT W. MILLER. 'Witnesses:

LEWIS SASSE, LEMUEL MARR.

